I te tiwhikete o te haumaru kaitohutohu i te wā kotahi
Te waka o te kino, taonga (TDG) kia kawea e ara, tereina, moana, awa, rangi raneiKo te reira i faaterehia e te, te ao whakaaetanga, engari ano hoki i te motu specificities i whakaturia i roto i te ture. Te waka mā te paipa e kore e he wāhanga o te TMD i roto i te tikanga o te ture. Heoi, mōrearea rauemi (hydrocarbons, hua matū.) kei te hoki i kawea e tenei te tikanga. Te waka o te mōrearea taonga e ara ngā te aratau ara, tereina, me te awa. Ko te tikanga o te rua tekau ma iwa o haratua mo te waka o te mōrearea taonga i te whenua ("te tikanga TMD") regulates taua waka i runga i te motu rohe. Ko te whakamutunga, ko te wā, whakatikaina ka rite ki te hua o te mahi o te interministerial Kōmihana mō te waka o te kino, taonga (CITMD). I tēnei tikanga ngā o te rua tekau ma whitu nga tūemi tono, ki te kore kai, ki te anga ke, katoa i te aratau o te waka hipoki e te ture, me te i roto i annexes ahau, II, III, IV rite whakaahuatia i raro: He kawa e te tauturu i te vai a huaina TRANSAID. Kua whakaritea i roto i te kirimana i waenganui i te ahumahi matū, me te directorate te whānui o te ture haumarutanga me te whakahaere mōrearea (TSDMB). Tenei te kawa, ko te rongo i roto i te hui o te mahinga rānei, ngā aituā e whai wāhi mai mōrearea rauemi. Te interlocutors ahumahi i tāutuhia ai, me te tohutoro taea e kawea mai to ratou tohungatanga, me te utu ranei te tangata me te rauemi rauemi ki te tauturu i te tāmate mahi i runga i te scene o te aituā. Katoa o ēnei ture ki ngā tuhinga e wātea ana i runga i te pae tukutuku o te misioni i te waka o te mōrearea rauemi (MTMD) i roto i te directorate whānui mo te mōrearea, te ārai (DGPR) no ki te tāhuhu o te kaiao Whakawhitinga, me te mana (mtes coatings). Ko ratou whakarōpūtia rite tonu ki te i te mōrearea. I te akomanga rerekē e: i roto I Europe, ara te waka o te mōrearea he rauemi kua whakaritea e te pākehā i te Whakaaetanga mo te ao i te taonga o te kino, taonga mā te huarahi e mohiotia ana ko ADR.
Ki te mahi i ngā mahi o te haumarutanga kaitohutohu e nui
I tuhituhia i runga i te toru tekau o mahuru i te tau, ka tomo ki te faahepo i te rua tekau ma iwa o kohitātea, i te tau, kua reira kua whakahouhia rite mai i te o hūrae i te tau. Te ADR ngā o te iwa o nga wahi e taka ki roto ki te rua ngā tāpiritanga (putanga o te united nations): i tēnei Wā, e tika ana ki ngā whakatikatika i te mahi Rōpū i runga i te waka o te kino, taonga (WP. te tekau ma rima o te kura kōhungahunga-UN), i te putanga hou o te ADR kua i roto i te ope mai i te o hānuere i te. Ko te putanga i muri o te ADR ka whai hua i te whakatikatika ki te WP. te tekau ma rima o nga UNECE i roto i te tukanga o te kōrero, me te e ka whakaputaina i roto i te timatanga o te tau. e wha tekau ma iwa o Amerika kua whakamanatia te ADR (te whakamutunga o te he i te Georgia i roto i te): Albania, Germany, Andorra, Austria, Azerbaijan, Peraruhia, Belgium, Saudi Arabia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kaiperu, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, i te tararā o mua republic o Makeronia, Finland, France, Georgia, germany, Kariki, Hungary, Tiorangi, Ireland, Italy, Katatānga, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Morocco, Moldova, Montenegro, Norway, netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Te Czech republic, Romania, United Kingdom, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine. I roto i ngā o te ao, waka tereina, kei tāpiritanga C te Tairururaa i runga i te waka international rail (COTIF), te karanga i te Ture mo nga taonga o te kino, taonga, ka mea MAKA, i te mea i roto i te ope mai i te o kohitātea. Ki te mea i tuhituhia i roto i te äpiti Whakahaere mo te ao hariata e rail (OTIF), kei nei i roto i te Berne i roto i te Switzerland. Nga whekau o OTIF e: te whakaminenga whānui, i te komiti whakahaere i rite ki te okana o te whakahaere pūtea me te taha mana, me te whakahounga i te komihana, te komiti o te tohunga, i runga i te waka o te kino, taonga, te komiti o te mātanga hangarau, me te tereina ngä komiti. Te uepu e whakaratohia ana e te hēkeretari whānui o te OTIF. te rima tekau o Amerika me te pākehā Union, e te mau melo o te COTIF (tūnga o hānuere o te): Albania, Algeria, andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Saudi Arabia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, germany, Kariki, Hungary, Iraq, Iran, Ireland, Italy, o Horano, (mema tuarua), Latvia, Repanona, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, i te tararā o mua republic o Makeronia, Morocco, Monaco, Montenegro, Norway, Pakistan, te netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Romania, United Kingdom, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Hiria, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine. Te uta waterways i roto i te Europe, ko te whakarite i te kuputuhi hou i ADN (pākehā Whakaaetanga mo te ao i te taonga kino o taonga i te wai ki uta) taka i te UNECE kei roto i Geneva i roto i te Switzerland. Tenei tau kawenata, kua riro i runga i runga i te RDNA me te ADND ki te kia anake te ture o te awa o te waka e hāngai ana i roto i te Europe. I te rua, o mua o te ao, te tuhinga i te mutunga o te tono e aru ana i te pukapuka i roto i te mahi o te āhuatanga o te awa āwangawanga: e pā ana ki te RDNA, he mea whakatinana mā te pokapū Kōmihana hoki i te whakaterenga o te Rhine (CCNR), kei Strasbourg (France) i roto i te tua, te ADND, ko te taka i te Tanupi Kōmihana (CD), kei nei i roto i Budapest (Hungary). te tekau ma whitu o Amerika kua whakamanatia te DNA (tūnga January): Germany, Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Russian Federation, France, germany, Hungary, Luxembourg, te netherlands, Poland, Czech Republic, Republic o Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Czechia, Ukraine. Katoa te mahi o e kei roto i te transportation, tarapēke, uta, te whakakī o te kino, taonga me te whakarite i te haumaru kaitohutohu: ko ratou te urupare ki te ture titauraa o te ao e pā ana ki te whakatūnga o te haumaru kaitohutohu (a hi'o i te pene. te toru o te ADR, MAKA, me te ADN) Enei kaiwhakatakoto whakaaro, me te mau i te tiwhikete i whakaputaina i muri i te otinga angitu o te motu whakamātautau whakaritea e te interprofessional Komiti mo te whanaketanga o te whakangungu i roto i te waka o te kino, taonga (CIFMD). Tenei tiwhikete i whakaputaina e mo te mōrahi wā o te tau e rima. Te reira kia whakahoutia no te taua wā, i roto i te haere ki i te whakaaro o te whakahoutanga. Te whakangungu mō ēnei whakamātautau, tuatahi, ranei whakahoutanga, e kore e hiahiatia. Heoi, ki te te kaitono hiahia ki te whakangungu, te whakangungu, i te whakahaere, e opua nei i te tuatahi arotake (ADR, MAKA, ADN) rite pai rite ona whakahou i nga tau e rima. Ka taea e te kaitono te tiki i roto i te pa tika ki te aroha o to ratou whiriwhiri. Te haumaru kaitohutohu taea te waiho i te upoko o te kamupene, i te tangata e mahi i te tahi mahi i roto i te kamupene ranei, ara he tangata e kore e no ki te muri, e whakaratohia ana e te tangata āwangawanga ko te mau i te taea ki te whakarite i tona mahi o te kaitohutohu. I roto i France, i tetahi tohutohu ki te haumarutanga o te kāwanatanga o haina te ADR, MAKA, me te ADN ka taea e te mahi i tona tikanga ki te tiwhikete kaitohutohu ki te anō-motu. I roto i ngā, i tetahi haumaru kaitohutohu me te utu ake te pūrongo ā-tau i te ūnga o te upoko o te kamupene. Kua whakahuatia te reira i roto i te pene te toru o te ADR, MAKA, me te ADN, e quantifies te mahi o te kamupene te hinga i roto i te hōkai o te mātau o te kaitohutohu. Te pūrongo ā-tau me ngā ano he whakarāpopototanga o ona hea i roto i te tikanga ki te mahi i whakaturia i roto i roto i te pene. te toru o te ADR, MAKA, me te ADN, me te o te tono i hanga mo te whakapai ake o te haumaru kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te whakarāpopototanga o ngā aituā e whai puta. te toru o te tuhinga ono, me te tāpiritanga IV e wha o te annex IV ki te ture o te TDG ture e whakarato ana hoki i te pūrongo ā-tau i whakatūria i te o paenga-whāwhā, te rārangi o ngā kaupapa, me te tepu, me nga wa katoa kia i roto i te kaitohutohu o te pūrongo. Mō ngā aituā e whai wāhi mai te waka o te kino, taonga haumaru kaitohutohu e herea e te titauraa ki te utu ake he aituā pūrongo e whakaratohia ana i roto i te pene. ono o te ADR, MAKA, me te ADN, ia mo te aha āwangawanga: ko te kaitohutohu o te kamupene e kawea i roto i te whakahaeretanga o te tākai, kei te utaina, whakakī rānei te transportation. Ko te pūrongo me te haere tahi e te pau i te tātaritanga o te take, me te taunakitanga i tuhituhia e nga kaitohutohu e hāngai ana ki te karo i te whakahoutanga o te taua momo o te aituā. Tenei pūrongo, ka taea e kia rite te whakamahi i te tāngia Cerfa: te kite i waho hononga i runga i te pukapuka i runga i te whakapuakanga o te mau ohipa i te waka o te mōrearea rauemi i whakaputaina e te tāhuhu o te Taiao (DGPR). Ki te whakaaro ki maritime transport, France pā ana ki te maha tikanga o te IMO, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki te Ture tenei mo te hariata, me te whāwhā o te kino, taonga i roto i te moana, tauranga, ka mea RPM: ko te annex ki te tikanga o te tekau ma waru o hōngongoi, i te tau, rite whakatikaina.
Te RPM i muri i whakatikaina te ture o te neu fdécembre whakaputaina i roto i te OJ o te rua tekau ma iwa hakihea.
Katoa o ēnei tuhinga ture i te mea e wātea ana i runga i te pae tukutuku o te misioni i te waka o te mōrearea rauemi (MTMD) i roto i te directorate whānui mo te mōrearea, te ārai (DGPR) no ki te tāhuhu o te kaiao Whakawhitinga, me te mana (mtes coatings). Te ture o te ao maritime transport e whakaturia i roto i roto i te ao maritime Whakahaere (IMO) e hāngai ana i roto i te Rānana (Uk). Te ao maritime transport faaterehia i roto i te ngā i te SOLAS (maritime haumaru committee), me te MARPOL (te komiti mo te tiaki o te moana te taiao).
